Ethical Leadership and How to Create a Positive Work Environment Essay Example for Free

Ethical Leadership and How to Create a Positive Work Environment Essay Leadership nowadays has encountered various problems. One of the most common one and which is contaminating the main business environment is that individuals at work are not engaging as they should. We have to ask ourselves, why is this happening and how can we prevent it? Dr. Charmine Hartel commented in the seminar that almost 20% of all the active workers in every organization do not work in favor of it. Instead they engage against the organization in various ways. This is a really big issue, because this means that there is something happening inside the organization and its leadership that is making these counter-productive acts. Recent researches that have been made show us that there are 3 different things that usually happens in the organization that get the workers to engage in a bad way their work as they should. * Work Environment * Negative Work Environment * Stress When the brain is under stress chemicals are released that weakens functions of the brain that gives us a higher level of structure (this is called the prefrontal cortex). When stressed, we are likely to engage inappropriate actions and lack the ability to regulate our emotions. With this in mind, we are encountering serious problems for the organization, because if these workers don’t have the use of their brain area they are not going to be able to engage the work they can and should do. Ethical Leadership The fruits of ethical leadership are Positive Work Environments, also known as PWE’s. PWEÂ ´s exists when the workers see their places as positive, respectful, inclusive and psychologically safe, and when leaders and coworkers are trustworthy and there exist an open diversity characterized in just policies and decision making. The entire above are needed to complete and get a PWE. PWE provides the set of emotional experiences necessary for human flourishing. We know that on average the positive emotional experiences outweigh the negative emotional ones. So, with this in mind, when you see your environment is safeyou have the ability to start being more creative and start being yourself. We should always keep in mind that an emotion is a response of the person when they have a particular event. They can have Destructive or constructive consequences. Organizations are responsible for the work environment they create. This is called the organization culture. When people and how the people interpreted the environment around their workplace. This is about how the organization context shapes the meaning and actions of its members. People management have the need to build resilience, diversity openness and be able to create a support to people trough change. There always exists the need to belong and to be valued for our uniqueness. Servant Leadership Many leadership approaches think about other things and focus their attention on what the followers need and develop things around them. Its an approach around the about the energy and direct it to the best place. With that in mind looking at the person as a whole being, not just as one more worker. One of the key things is that they can understand the core value of the workers and respect them as they deserve. There exist the emotion focus coping and problem focused coping they both have constructive and destructive emotions and impulses. The Giving Voice of Values (GVV) is designed to help individuals learn to recognize, clarify, speak and act on themselves when those conflicts arise. The focus is on how a manager raises this issues in an effective way.

Domitian :: essays research papers

Domitian was born in Rome on Pomegranate Street 0n October 24th AD51. He was the second son born to the future emperor Vespasian. Domitian’s older brother was named Titus. Even when very young Domitian was of the opinion that he should be treated like a god. “Throughout Domitian’s early years and adolescents, the family’s status remained high, but progress was most marked in the 60s.'; (Jones, 1992) One example of the family’s good fortune was that they inherited a great deal of money. This allowed them to gain access to the imperial court, as well as granting them senatorial rank. In order to accomplish this four different families became one family which enabled Domitian to gain power. “Domitian’s brother Titus, now in his mid-twenties, found a suitable wife in Arrecina Tertulla and it seems that Domitian’s first cousin Sabinus the third had also married into the same family, selecting one of Arrecina’s sisters. Unfortunately, Arrecina soon died and Titus sought a second wife. Marcia Furnilla, daughter or niece of Vespasian’s amicus Barea Soranus, was an excellent choice, with consular senators in her father’s and mother’s family.'; (Jones, 1992) Domitian was an educated person, although it is unknown where he got his education. He loved to write and wrote poetry. His poems were very sensitive no matter what the topic. Later on Domitian even wrote and published a book about baldness. Apparently, Domitian was interested in many different types of literature. People often said that he spoke intelligently, and made memorable comments. In his later years, Domitian began to read Tiberius’s commentaries. He established a way of thinking and developed his own ideas on standards and morals. Around 70 AD Domitian married Domitia Longina, the daughter of the great general, Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. They had lots of troubles in their marriage. The couple had one child, but the child died at a very young age. In 83 AD Domitian wanted nothing to do with his wife and dismissed her. “Later, she was recalled to the palace where she lived until Domitian’s death.'; (http://www.ga.k.12.pa.us/academics/MS/8th/romanhis/Forum/Stephm/early.htm) Domitian inherited the empire when his brother suddenly died after ruling for only two years. He became Roman Emperor in 81AD which fulfilled his lifelong dream. He was now able to follow in his father and brother’s footsteps as emperor. When he was emperor he traveled outside of Rome many times. He was said to be a hostile ruler.

Racial Culture: A Critique, by Richard T. Ford Essay

Over the last thirty years, critical race and gender theorists have questioned whether and if law can protect difference in a meaningful way, especially in the workplace. Richard T. Ford, a law professor at Stanford University, provides an interesting critique of the resulting â€Å"multicultural assumptions of difference† in his book RACIAL CULTURE. While he recognizes most refutations of these approaches come from conservatives with a political agenda of legal colorblindness, Ford explicitly asserts he shares the political and social goals of the progressive left. More specifically, he refutes colorblindness as a means of equality. Ford argues that racial identity politics have the liability of undermining their stated objective of eliminating racism in the workplace. The author is clear; his opposition to discrimination based on status does not mean that one is not ambivalent about the development of a new legal category of discrimination based on culture. His overarching concern is that â€Å"race,† which is socially and economically constructed, is given additional legitimacy by the assumption that every race manifests cultural similarities and that these cultural artifacts should be protected in the same manner as racism. [A]nti-discrimination law should be refined so as to recognize only those differences attributable to the production of formal status hierarchy, for the purpose of eliminating or reducing the ill-effects of such hierarchies. Difference discourse, by metastasizing status into a thick social identity, distracts from and confuses the vital task of correcting status hierarchy. Legal decision [*217] makers need to be aware of status differences and castelike social practices in order to correct the injustices that they do. But we should resist the temptation to write a speculative sociology of group difference into law or to enlist the state into a psychotherapeutic quest to validated â€Å"repressed† identities. Finally, Ford is concerned that in privileging racial culture we foster an environment of conflict and competition, without a thoughtful analysis of which cultures are most worthy of protecting. His assumption is that racial integration should be a dominant goal of society, with members of racial groups selecting for themselves which aspects of their culture are most worthy of preserving. Many readers may agree with aspects of his legal argument, without completely accepting his rejection of identity politics as â€Å"provincialism. † Ford offers instead a vision of â€Å"cosmopolitanism† in which â€Å"minority cultural practices will survive without legal protection, albeit often in an altered, fragmented and recombined form, and that such survival in an admittedly Hobbesian social competition is preferable to the distorted and blinkered version of group difference we should expect cultural rights to produce† . While Ford’s analysis is wide-ranging, well-written, and fascinating, there are several limitations to his argument. His own assumptions regarding employment discrimination law are disturbing. His reliance on current employment discrimination law as the best means for redressing racism ignores several factors that the â€Å"difference† discourse has revealed. One factor is the gap for women of color within the protections of Title VII. To demonstrate racial discrimination, women of color must show that others of their race were treated similarly, but if those similarly-situated are men, the discrimination may not be evident. To demonstrate gender discrimination, women of color must show that others of their gender were treated similarly, but if white women are those who are similarly-situated, such discrimination may not be apparent. Contemporary Title VII jurisprudence frequently does not allow for interactions between race and gender that are unique to women of color. The formal equality required by Title VII is limited in how well it can protect against explicit racism, let alone against the â€Å"proxies of race† illustrated by cultural practice. Another area that requires further development is Ford’s extension of cultural analysis to less comparable areas of employment discrimination law—in particular, sexual preference and gender. His premise that sexual preference should be protected as status, rather than as behavior or culture, ignores the lesser protection granted sexual preference under the law compared to racial discrimination. Ford does not address the unanswered question within the law of whether sexual preference is behavior or immutable characteristic. The current judicial acceptance of lower levels of scrutiny to protect sexual preference in the workplace means that a simple reliance on current employment discrimination law will not render the results he professes are necessary. Finally, his equivalence of gender discrimination to race is disappointing, especially in the area of pregnancy. While the right to difference literature [*218] builds on a century of analysis by feminist scholars, there are clear differences between the two. However, Ford perceives pregnancy as a form of gender culture, as braids or language can be for race. But this analogy does not work. Discrimination against pregnancy is not justified by employers solely on the basis of predicted workplace impacts of the actual pregnancy, but also because women have the potential to become pregnant. Since pregnancy is a biological reality, how can it be simply another cultural manifestation or behavior choice? A second difference is that, unlike forms of racial or ethnic culture, Congress revised Title VII to incorporate pregnancy into the definition of gender discrimination. 4 Part 2- How racial Identity affects an individual in society Individual youth who experience discrimination carry higher stress burden People’s beliefs that they are being treated badly because racial or gender bias increases their stress levels, and may lead to increased emotional and behavioral problems, according to a study of black and white youth. Understanding how race and gender affect youths’ well-being â€Å"is necessary not only for promoting optimal individual development, but also for meeting the nation’s social and economic needs,† says lead study author David L. DuBois, Ph. D., of the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois at Chicago. DuBois conducted the research while at the University of Missouri, Columbia. Previous studies have focused on older study participants, but little is known about how younger age groups are affected by discrimination or prejudice, according to the study, which is published in the September/October issue of Child Development. DuBois and his colleagues administered a series of questionnaires to 350 students in grades 5-8. This group of students included comparable numbers of blacks and whites, females and males. One survey, which included questions like â€Å"Were you called names or insulted at school about your race/ethnicity† and â€Å"Were you treated unfairly at school because you are a girl/boy,† was designed to measure discriminatory experiences and how study participants were affected by them, while others measured major life stressors, racial and gender identity, self-esteem and behavior. The researchers found significant differences among the student groups. Black study participants, both males and females, reported more experiences with discrimination and prejudice. The study setting, a Midwestern school district in which blacks were a minority in both student body and staff, may have contributed to these higher perceived levels, according to the study. â€Å"In this context many black youth may not have felt adequately supported in their efforts to deal with situations involving perceived victimization or unfair treatment on the basis of race,† DuBois says. The black students who reported higher levels of discrimination were more likely to have emotional problems, the researchers found. Such problems may stem from internalized anger, according to findings from other studies. The researchers also found that the black participants in their early teens reported feeling a stronger sense of racial identity than same-age whites. The new study and previous studies have found that at this age, blacks tend to have higher self-esteem than whites. DuBois and his colleagues found that a strong racial identity is important in helping to enhance the self-esteem of black youth. 5 How Racial Identity Affects School Performance of an Individual We investigated the sources of differences in school performance between students of different races by focusing on identity issues. We find that having a higher percentage of same-race friends has a positive effect of white teenagers’ test score while having a negative effect on blacks’ test scores. However, the higher the education level of a black teenager’s parent, the lower this negative effect, while for whites, it is the reverse. It is thus the combination of the choice of friends (which is a measure of own identity) and the parent’s education that are responsible for the difference in education attainment between students of different races but also between students of the same race. One interesting aspects of this paper is to provide a theoretical model that grounds the instrumental variable approach used in the empirical analysis to deal with endogeneity issues. 6 Our Racial Identity affects who we see in society The authors asked biracial participants (one Black and one White parent) to think about their Black parent’s ethnicity. After, they could spot the presence or lack of a Black face in a crowd of White faces with the same speed and accuracy as a monoracial Black person. The same held true when asked to think of their White parent. Although all detected Black faces faster than white faces, biracial students were affected by thinking about one half of their racial identity and then behaved as if they were monoracial. Black, white, and biracial participants performed the visual search task by looking at Black and White faces on a computer screen. To prep the biracial individuals, the participants were asked to write about their mother or father’s ethnicity. Black-primed and White-primed biracial individuals differed significantly in the searches, displaying the effects of the manipulation. â€Å"These findings demonstrate that visual perception is malleable to top-down influences, such as orientation provided by one’s racial group membership,† the authors conclude. References: 1. AAPA Statement on Biological Aspects of Race America Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) 2. http://genomebiology. com/2002/3/7/comment/2007 3. Alicia Fedelina Chavez, Florence Guido-DiBrito Racial and Ethnic Identity and Development NEW DIRECTIONS FOR ADULT AND CONTINUING EDUCATION, no.84, Winter 1999  © Jossey-Bass Publishers 39 4. Richard T. Ford. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004. Vol. 15 No. 3 (March 2005), pp. 215-218 5. Pamela Ippoliti, www. hbns. org 6. Eleonora Patacchini (eleonora. patacchini@uniroma1. it) (University of Rome â€Å"La Sapienza†)Yves Zenou (yvesz@iui. se) (IUI, GAINS, CEPR and IZA Bonn) 7. Joan Y. Chiao, Hannah E. Heck, and Ken Nakayama are at Harvard University. Nalini Ambady is at Tufts University. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. , May 10, 2006.

A Common Form Of Victimization, Homophobic Name Calling

Introduction: A common form of victimization, homophobic name-calling, has been associated with negative mental outcomes among adolescents. Research has shown the correlating effects of homophobic victimization, in the form of name-calling, to be associated with depression, increased suicide rates, feeling unsafe and insecure, and a developmental continuation of mental health problems into adulthood for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students. According to studies, adolescents have reported several reoccurrences of hearing epithets such as ‘queer’, ‘dyke’, and ‘faggot’ throughout their day. The results of this study may help researchers investigate how homophobic behaviors develop in adolescence so that it may provide adequate information to help prevent the future victimization of LGBT students. Adolescence is a stage where peers tend to have a particularly strong influence on individuals around them. Often times, this is where children first begin to show discrepancies in their ability to resist peer pressure. For this reason, individuals between the ages of 10 and 14 have been shown to fall under the influence of the peer groups they associate themselves with. Previous studies have indicated that masculinity and race have shown to be significant predictors of homophobic behavior. Traditionally, homophobia has been one of the fundamental ideologies related to masculinity. Masculinity researchers have postulated that the reason behind hyper-masculineShow MoreRelatedVerbal Victimization And Mental Health1652 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscusses this common incidence and the connection between homophobic verbal victimization and mental health in teenagers. The article highlights a specific kind of bullying, homophobic name-calling and its connection to the teenager mental health in the Netherlands. They also observe the different parts of gender, gender expression, and sexual preferences in homophobic peer victimization. The verbally victimizing behaviors that are being used by children and teenagers such as name calling tend to emphasizeRead MoreVerbal Victimization And Mental Health1503 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscusses this common incidence and t he connection between homophobic verbal victimization and mental health in teenagers. The article highlights a specific kind of bullying, homophobic name-calling and its connection to the teenager mental health in the Netherlands. They also observe the different parts of gender, gender expression, and sexual preferences in homophobic peer victimization. The verbally victimizing behaviors that are being used by children and teenagers such as name calling tend to emphasizeRead MoreVerbal Victimization And Mental Health1788 Words   |  8 Pagesby Collier, Bos, and Sandfort (2013) discusses this common incidence and the connection between homophobic verbal victimization and mental health in teenagers. The article highlights a specific kind of bullying, homophobic name-calling and its connection to teenager mental health in the Netherlands. They also examine the different parts of gender, gender expression, and sexual preferences in homophobic peer victimization. The verbal victimizati on that is being used by children and teenagers tend toRead MoreBullying Is A Universally Contagious1817 Words   |  8 Pagesdiscusses about its common incidence and the connection between homophobic verbal victimization and mental health in teenagers considering for their sexual preferences and different balanced of gender non-conformity. The article highlights on a specific kind of bullying which is homophobic name-calling and its connection to teenager mental health in the Netherlands. They also examine the different part of gender, gender expression, and sexual preferences in homophobic peer victimization. The verbal victimizationRead MoreThe Effects Of Homophobic Name Calling Among Students And Implications Of Mental Health1872 Words   |  8 PagesThe Effects of Homophobic Name-Calling Among students and implications of Mental Health Introduction Bullying has impacted many secondary school students, making them feel self-conscious, less confident, and more anxious. A study by Collier, Bos, and Sandfort (2013) discusses this common incidence and the connection between homophobic verbal victimization and mental health in teenagers. The article highlights a specific kind of bullying, homophobic name-calling and its connection to teenager mentalRead MoreBullying Is An Old Phenomenon That Only Been The Subject Of More Systematic Research?885 Words   |  4 Pageshand, peer victimization is a broader term defined as ‘‘The experience among children of being a target of the aggressive behaviour of other children, who are not siblings and not necessarily age-mates’’ (Hawker Boulton, 2000, p. 441). Yet, while victimization differs from bullying, many researchers consider children who are targets of peer victimization as ‘being bullied’ (i.e. Olweus, 1991; Whitney and Smith, 1993; Fox Boulton, 2006). Adolescent victimization comes in many forms, such as physicalRead MoreEssay about Bullying and Harassment Among the Lgbtq Youth3521 Words   |  15 Pagessocially â€Å"superior† classmates. Bullying and harassment have become a widespread problem in schools all around the United States and have proved to have serious implications, such as problems in academics for those who are victimized by bullies. Victimization from bullying and harassment can be linked to lowered self-esteem, anxiety, depression, avoidance of school, and suicide (Hawker amp; Boulton, 2000). Unfortunately, one of the most victimized groups of students subjected to bullyingRead MoreBarbie Dolls : A Of A Societal Female Identity Has Been Established And Reinforced Time And Time2159 Words   |  9 Pagesfemale or they may feel that neither label fits them.† (insert citation for definition) In order to express their elected gender, transgender people may transition or change from the gende r they were assigned at birth. These changes may include their names, preference of pronouns, or style of dress. Some transgender people choose a medical transition with the help of counselors and surgeons who will prescribe hormones and or surgery. People that self-identify as transgender are now gaining influenceRead MoreThe Diversity Of The Lgbt Community2339 Words   |  10 Pagesthe education setting. First the most important thing about the LGBT community is knowing what the letters are and that that the letters are growing and forever changing. According to Safe Zone the most recent lettering is LGBTQIA+, which is, a common abbreviation used to identify communities that have their own sexuality or gender differences. To better understand what the letters are and what they mean will give a better understanding to the rest of the information. According to Safe Zone hereRead MoreThe Role Of Disclosure Of Transgender Identity2433 Words   |  10 Pagesidentify as male or female or they may feel that neither label fits them† (Stryker, 2008). In order to express their elected gender, transgender people may transition or change from the gender they were assigned at birth. These changes may include their names, preference of pronouns, or style of dress. Some transgender people choose a medical transition with the help of counselors and surgeons who will prescribe hormones and or surgery (Stryker, 2008). People that self-identify as transgender are now